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babashka

A sprinkle of Clojure for the command line.

Quickstart

$ bash <(curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/borkdude/babashka/master/install)
$ ls | bb --time -i '(filter #(-> % io/file .isDirectory) *in*)'
("doc" "resources" "sci" "script" "src" "target" "test")
bb took 4ms.

Rationale

If you're a bash expert, you probably don't need this. But for those of us who can use a bit of Clojure in their shell scripts, it may be useful.

Babashka runs as a GraalVM binary which results in fast startup times:

$ time clojure -e "(+ 1 2 3)"
6
clojure -e "(+ 1 2 3)"  3.29s user 0.32s system 99% cpu 3.638 total

$ time planck -e '(+ 1 2 3)'
6
plk -e '(+ 1 2 3)'  1.34s user 0.16s system 127% cpu 1.172 total

$ time bb '(+ 1 2 3)'
6
bb '(+ 1 2 3)'  0.01s user 0.01s system 37% cpu 0.046 total

It uses sci for interpreting Clojure. A trade-off is that sci implements only a subset of Clojure. Also, execution time may be slower than Clojure on the JVM or (self-hosted) ClojureScript for more CPU-intensive calculations like:

(last (take 1000000 (repeatedly #(+ 1 2 3))))

This would take 5 seconds using babashka, around half a second using self-hosted ClojureScript and around 200ms in Clojure on the JVM.

So the sweet spot for babashka is executing tasks from the command line where fast startup time is preferred, in the same space where you would use bash.

Where it can, babashka calls the regular implementation of Clojure on the JVM and proxies common Java packages like System and File, so writing code in it should be familiar if you're already using Clojure on the JVM.

Status

Experimental. Breaking changes are expected to happen at this phase.

Installation

Brew

Linux and macOS binaries are provided via brew.

Install:

brew install borkdude/brew/babashka

Upgrade:

brew upgrade babashka

Installer script

Install via the installer script:

$ bash <(curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/borkdude/babashka/master/install)

By default this will install into /usr/local/bin. To change this, provide the directory name:

$ bash <(curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/borkdude/babashka/master/install) /tmp

Download

You may also download a binary from Github.

Usage

$ bb --help
Usage: bb [ --help ] | [ --version ] | ( [ -i ] [ -o ] | [ -io ] ) [ --stream ] ( expression | -f <file> )

Options:

  --help: print this help text.
  --version: print the current version of babashka.

  -i: read shell input into a list of strings instead of reading EDN.
  -o: write shell output instead of EDN.
  -io: combination of -i and -o.
  --stream: stream over lines or EDN values from stdin. Combined with -i *in* becomes a single line per iteration.
  --file or -f: read expressions from file instead of argument wrapped in an implicit do.
  --time: print execution time before exiting.

The clojure.core functions are accessible without a namespace alias.

The following Clojure namespaces are required by default and only available through the aliases. If not all vars are available, they are enumerated explicitly.

clojure.string aliased as str
clojure.set aliased as set
clojure.edn aliased as edn:
- read-string
clojure.java.shell aliases as shell:
- sh
clojure.java.io aliased as io:
- as-relative-path, copy, delete-file, file

From Java the following is available:

System: exit, getProperty, setProperty, getProperties, getenv
File: .canRead, .canWrite, .delete, .deleteOnExit, .exists, .getAbsoluteFile, .getCanonicalFile, .getCanonicalPath, .getName, .getParent, .getParentFile, .getPath, .isAbsolute, .isDirectory, .isFile, .isHidden, .lastModified, .length, .list, .listFiles, .mkdir, .mkdirs, .renameTo, .setLastModified, .setReadOnly, .setReadable, .toPath, .toURI.

Special vars:

*in*: contains the input read from stdin (EDN by default, multiple lines with the -i option)

*command-line-args*: contain the command line args

Examples:

$ ls | bb -i '*in*'
["LICENSE" "README.md" "bb" "doc" "pom.xml" "project.clj" "reflection.json" "resources" "script" "src" "target" "test"]

$ ls | bb -i '(count *in*)'
12

$ bb '(vec (dedupe *in*))' <<< '[1 1 1 1 2]'
[1 2]

$ bb '(filterv :foo *in*)' <<< '[{:foo 1} {:bar 2}]'
[{:foo 1}]

$ bb '(#(+ %1 %2 %3) 1 2 *in*)' <<< 3
6

$ ls | bb -i '(filterv #(re-find #"reflection" %) *in*)'
["reflection.json"]

$ bb '(run! #(shell/sh "touch" (str "/tmp/test/" %)) (range 100))'
$ ls /tmp/test | bb -i '*in*'
["0" "1" "10" "11" "12" "13" "14" "15" "16" "17" "18" "19" "2" "20" "21" ...]

More examples can be found in the gallery.

Running a file

Scripts may be executed from a file using -f or --file:

bb -f download_html.clj

Files can also be loaded inline using load-file:

bb '(load-file "script.clj")'

Using bb with a shebang also works:

#!/usr/bin/env bb -f

(defn get-url [url]
  (println "Fetching url:" url)
  (let [{:keys [:exit :err :out]} (shell/sh "curl" "-sS" url)]
    (if (zero? exit) out
      (do (println "ERROR:" err)
          (System/exit 1)))))

(defn write-html [file html]
  (println "Writing file:" file)
  (spit file html))

(let [[url file] *command-line-args*]
  (when (or (empty? url) (empty? file))
    (println "Usage: <url> <file>")
    (System/exit 1))
  (write-html file (get-url url)))

(System/exit 0)

$ ./download_html.clj
Usage: <url> <file>

$ ./download_html.clj https://www.clojure.org /tmp/clojure.org.html
Fetching url: https://www.clojure.org
Writing file: /tmp/clojure.org.html

Preloads

The environment variable BABASHKA_PRELOADS allows to define code that will be available in all subsequent usages of babashka.

BABASHKA_PRELOADS='(defn foo [x] (+ x 2))'
BABASHKA_PRELOADS=$BABASHKA_PRELOADS' (defn bar [x] (* x 2))'
export BABASHKA_PRELOADS

Note that you can concatenate multiple expressions. Now you can use these functions in babashka:

$ bb '(-> (foo *in*) bar)' <<< 1
6

You can also preload an entire file using load-file:

export BABASHKA_PRELOADS='(load-file "my_awesome_prelude.clj")'

Note that *in* is not available in preloads.

Enabling SSL

If you want to be able to use SSL to e.g. run (slurp "https://www.clojure.org") you will need to add the location where libsunec.so or libsunec.dylib is located to the java.library.path Java property. This library comes with most JVM installations, so you might already have it on your machine. It is usually located in <JAVA_HOME>/jre/lib or <JAVA_HOME>/jre/<platform>/lib. It is also bundled with GraalVM.

Example:

$ export BABASHKA_PRELOADS="(System/setProperty \"java.library.path\" \"$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib\")"
$ bb '(slurp "https://www.clojure.org")' | bb '(subs *in* 0 50)'
"<!doctype html><html itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"http:/"

Test

Test on the JVM:

script/test

Although this tool doesn't offer any benefit when running on the JVM, it is convenient for development.

Test the native version:

BABASHKA_TEST_ENV=native script/test

Build

You will need leiningen and GraalVM.

This repo contains a submodule, so you will have clone that too. If you're doing that for the first time:

$ git submodule update --init --recursive

and for subsequent updates:

$ git submodule update --recursive

To build this project, set $GRAALVM_HOME to the GraalVM distribution directory.

Then run:

script/compile

$ cat /tmp/test.txt
1 Hello
2 Clojure
3 Babashka
4 Goodbye

$ < /tmp/test.txt bb -io '(shuffle *in*)'
3 Babashka
2 Clojure
4 Goodbye
1 Hello

Fetch latest Github release tag

For converting JSON to EDN, see jet.

$ curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/borkdude/babashka/tags |
jet --from json --keywordize --to edn |
bb '(-> *in* first :name (subs 1))'
"0.0.4"

Get latest OS-specific download url from Github

$ curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/borkdude/babashka/releases |
jet --from json --keywordize |
bb '(-> *in* first :assets)' |
bb '(some #(re-find #".*linux.*" (:browser_download_url %)) *in*)'
"https://github.com/borkdude/babashka/releases/download/v0.0.4/babashka-0.0.4-linux-amd64.zip"