Ring Router

Ring is a Clojure web applications library inspired by Python's WSGI and Ruby's Rack. By abstracting the details of HTTP into a simple, unified API, Ring allows web applications to be constructed of modular components that can be shared among a variety of applications, web servers, and web frameworks.

[metosin/reitit-ring "0.2.1"]

Ring-router adds support for handlers, middleware and routing based on :request-method. Ring-router is created with reitit.ring/router function. It uses a custom route compiler, creating a optimized data structure for handling route matches, with compiled middleware chain & handlers for all request methods. It also ensures that all routes have a :handler defined. reitit.ring/ring-handler is used to create a Ring handler out of ring-router.

Example

Simple Ring app:

(require '[reitit.ring :as ring])

(defn handler [_]
  {:status 200, :body "ok"})

(def app
  (ring/ring-handler
    (ring/router
      ["/ping" handler])))

Applying the handler:

(app {:request-method :get, :uri "/favicon.ico"})
; nil

(app {:request-method :get, :uri "/ping"})
; {:status 200, :body "ok"}

The expanded routes shows the compilation results:

(-> app (ring/get-router) (reitit/routes))
; [["/ping"
;   {:handler #object[...]}
;   #Methods{:any #Endpoint{:data {:handler #object[...]},
;                           :handler #object[...],
;                           :middleware []}}]]

Note the compiled resuts as third element in the route vector.

Request-method based routing

Handler are also looked under request-method keys: :get, :head, :patch, :delete, :options, :post or :put. Top-level handler is used if request-method based handler is not found.

(def app
  (ring/ring-handler
    (ring/router
      ["/ping" {:name ::ping
                :get handler
                :post handler}])))

(app {:request-method :get, :uri "/ping"})
; {:status 200, :body "ok"}

(app {:request-method :put, :uri "/ping"})
; nil

Name-based reverse routing:

(-> app
    (ring/get-router)
    (reitit/match-by-name ::ping)
    :path)
; "/ping"

Middleware

Middleware can be added with a :middleware key, either to top-level or under :request-method submap. It's value should be a vector of any the following:

1. normal ring middleware function handler -> request -> response
2. vector of middleware function [handler args*] -> request -> response and it's arguments
3. a data-driven middleware record or a map
4. a Keyword name, to lookup the middleware from a Middleware Registry

A middleware and a handler:

(defn wrap [handler id]
  (fn [request]
    (handler (update request ::acc (fnil conj []) id))))

(defn handler [{:keys [::acc]}]
  {:status 200, :body (conj acc :handler)})

App with nested middleware:

(def app
  (ring/ring-handler
    (ring/router
      ;; a middleware function
      ["/api" {:middleware [#(wrap % :api)]}
       ["/ping" handler]
       ;; a middleware vector at top level
       ["/admin" {:middleware [[wrap :admin]]}
        ["/db" {:middleware [[wrap :db]]
                ;; a middleware vector at under a method
                :delete {:middleware [[wrap :delete]]
                         :handler handler}}]]])))

Middleware is applied correctly:

(app {:request-method :delete, :uri "/api/ping"})
; {:status 200, :body [:api :handler]}

(app {:request-method :delete, :uri "/api/admin/db"})
; {:status 200, :body [:api :admin :db :delete :handler]}

Async Ring

All built-in middleware provide both 2 and 3-arity and are compiled for both Clojure & ClojureScript, so they work with Async Ring and Node.js too.