Logging macros which delegate to a specific logging implementation. At runtime a specific implementation is selected from, in order, slf4j, Apache commons-logging, log4j2, log4j, and finally java.util.logging.
Logging levels are specified by clojure keywords, in increasingly severe order:
:trace, :debug, :info, :warn, :error, :fatal
Logging occurs with the log
macro, or the level-specific convenience macros (e.g., debug
, debugf
). Only when the specified logging level is enabled will the message arguments be evaluated and the underlying logging implementation be invoked. By default that invocation will occur via an agent when inside a running STM transaction.
Unless otherwise specified, the current namespace (as identified by *ns*
) will be used as the log-ns (similar to how the java class name is usually used). Note: you should configure your logging implementation to display the name that was passed to it; if it instead performs stack-inspection you'll see some ugly and unhelpful text in your logs.
You can redirect all java writes of System.out
and System.err
to the log system by calling log-capture!
. To bind *out*
and *err*
to the log system invoke with-logs
. In both cases a log-ns value must be specified in order to namespace the output.
The latest API documentation can be found at http://clojure.github.com/tools.logging
The following short example should give you what you need to get started:
(ns example.math
(:require [clojure.tools.logging :as log]))
(defn divide [x y]
(log/info "dividing" x "by" y)
(try
(log/spyf "result: %s" (/ x y)) ; yields the result
(catch Exception ex
(log/error ex "There was an error in calculation"))))
Example repl output using the configuration below:
user=> (use 'my.example)
nil
user=> (divide 1 2)
INFO example.math: dividing 1 by 2
DEBUG example.math: result is 1/2
1/2
user=> (divide 2 0)
INFO example.math: dividing 2 by 0
ERROR example.math: There was an error in calculation
java.lang.ArithmeticException: Divide by zero
at clojure.lang.Numbers.divide(Numbers.java:156)
...
For those new to using a java logging library, the following is a very basic configuration for log4j. Place it in a file called log4j.properties
and place that file (and the log4j JAR) on the classpath.
log4j.rootLogger=INFO, console
log4j.logger.example=DEBUG
log4j.appender.console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=%-5p %c: %m%n
The above will print messages to the console for :debug
or higher if one is in the example
namespace, and :info
or higher in all other namespaces.
Logging is available in Maven central. Add it to your Maven project's pom.xml
:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.clojure</groupId>
<artifactId>tools.logging</artifactId>
<version>0.4.0</version>
</dependency>
or your leiningen project.clj:
[org.clojure/tools.logging "0.4.0"]
Please note the changelog below.
mvn install
: This will produce a logging jar file in the target
directory, and run all tests with the most recently-released build
of Clojure.Copyright © 2009 Alex Taggart
Licensed under the EPL. (See the file epl.html.)
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